The Limitations of Universal Supplementation
Studies have demonstrated that universal supplementation—without first identifying a deficiency—often provides no measurable benefit and can even present risks, such as with beta-carotene in smokers (Guallar et al., 2013). These findings emphasize that supplements should not be taken systematically but should be reserved for individuals with nutritional deficits or specific needs. Importantly, many of these studies were conducted on well-nourished populations, limiting the generalizability of their conclusions to all patient groups.
The Importance of Targeted Supplementation
When supplementation is based on an individual evaluation, it can offer significant benefits. At Clinimed, we prioritize comprehensive nutritional assessments to accurately determine each patient’s needs. Among the supplements with demonstrated effectiveness, we can highlight:
- Vitamin D:
Essential for bone and immune health, particularly for older individuals, those with low sun exposure, and individuals with darker skin who naturally synthesize less vitamin D (Dubost et al., 2017). Vitamin D is also critical for newborns, as recommended by the Swiss Pediatric Society, ensuring proper bone mineralization and preventing rickets during the first year of life. - Vitamin B12:
Crucial for strict vegetarians and seniors due to reduced absorption, it helps prevent anemia and neurological disorders. Additionally, individuals with celiac disease and patients who have undergone gastric bypass often experience absorption difficulties, increasing their risk of vitamin B12 deficiency (Harvard Health Publishing, 2022). - Folic Acid and Iron:
Particularly recommended for pregnant women to prevent neural tube defects and anemia (Lagneau, 2020). - Omega-3 Fatty Acids:
EPA and DHA have shown benefits in reducing inflammation and lowering cardiovascular risk in at-risk patients, as recommended by the American Heart Association (Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 2021). - Calcium and Vitamin K:
These nutrients work synergistically to maintain optimal bone density, which is crucial for postmenopausal women and individuals at risk for osteoporosis (Clausen et al., 2018).
Clinimed’s Personalized Approach
At Clinimed, supplementation is prescribed only when comprehensive nutritional assessments reveal a true deficiency or when it is indicated in at-risk populations. Our multidisciplinary team—comprising accredited physicians and nutritionists—conducts a thorough evaluation of each patient’s medical history, dietary habits, and specific laboratory analyses. This continuous monitoring allows us to adjust the intervention plan in real time and ensure that the supplements prescribed precisely address each patient’s individual needs.
Conclusion
Rather than promoting universal supplementation, it is essential to approach this intervention in a targeted and personalized manner. At Clinimed, we emphasize rigorous individual assessments to prescribe supplements only when there is a real need. This strategy, grounded in robust scientific data and the recommendations of leading professional societies, optimizes prevention and sustainably enhances our patients’ quality of life.
Bibliography
- Guallar, E., et al. (2013). Enough Is Enough: Stop Wasting Money on Vitamin and Mineral Supplements. Annals of Internal Medicine, 159(12), 850-851.
- Lagneau, M. (2020). Nutrition and Supplementation Recommendations for Pregnant Women.
- Dubost, C., et al. (2017). Management of Hypovitaminosis D in the Elderly. HUG Genève.
- Harvard Health Publishing. (2022). Should you take a vitamin B12 supplement?
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. (2021). Omega-3 Fats and Health.
- Clausen, J. S., et al. (2018). Midlife Cardiorespiratory Fitness and the Long-term Risk of Mortality: 46 Years of Follow-up. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., 72(9), 987-995.
- American Heart Association. (2021). Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Disease.
- Society of General Internal Medicine (SGIM) (2024). Choosing Wisely: Routine Annual Check-ups.
- Programme de dépistage du Canton de Vaud (2023). Directives and Recommendations for Colon and Breast Cancer Check-ups (accessed via the official website of the Canton of Vaud).
- Swiss Pediatric Society (2023). Recommendations on Vitamin D Supplementation in Newborns (accessed via the official website of the Swiss Pediatric Society).
- International Osteoporosis Foundation. (2021). Global Guidelines for the Prevention and Management of Osteoporosis.
